With the introduction of no. 823 photovoltaic document, there is basically no subsidized ground photovoltaic index and distributed photovoltaic space after 531.The only new projects left with subsidies are the previous indicators of the second half of the network.It can be said that after several years of rapid development, the photovoltaic industry has come to the crossroads of subsidies.
Many fear that without subsidies, new installations will fall off a cliff.In this regard, we believe that if the policy, equipment costs and other appropriate coordination, this will not happen.Only by reducing the cost of installation can the normal development of unsubsidized projects be realized.At present, photovoltaic installation cost has two parts: technical cost and non-technical cost.The decline of technology costs depends on the technological innovation and progress of enterprises, while the decline of non-technology costs can only rely on the supporting policies of governments at all levels.
No matter under what circumstances, enterprises will continue to promote the reduction of technology costs to obtain market opportunities.Therefore, the key to photovoltaic non-subsidy mode is whether the supporting policies of the government can adapt to the latest market development stage.
A lot of people feel, anyway also did not have subsidy, can you build casually?As things stand, not quite.The reply from the state energy administration to dongying's development and construction of photovoltaic power generation projects that do not need state subsidies is expressed as follows: "all regions are encouraged to introduce policies to support the development of photovoltaic industry according to their actual conditions, and arrange all kinds of photovoltaic power generation projects that do not need state subsidies by themselves according to the consumption conditions of network connection and relevant requirements".From the perspective of expression, the state no longer stipulates how to carry out unsubsidized projects in a rigid way, and gives full power to local governments to organize the implementation and management of unsubsidized projects.
From the perspective of local governments, continuing to support the development of renewable energy is the future trend.Local governments face two pressures on energy development:
One is already installed projects to solve the problem of absorption, should be sent to achieve all;The other is to ensure that additional capacity is added to complete the task of renewable energy quota system and energy transformation.
For most provinces in the three northern regions, the first is under greater pressure. The problem of power rationing has led to the state energy administration's refusal to allow local governments to add new renewable energy power generation projects without solving the problem of consumption.For the provinces with temporary infinite power pressure, such as the central and eastern regions, the second problem is more prominent, and the land price in the central and eastern provinces is relatively high. How to better realize the comprehensive utilization of land and develop as many local photovoltaic power sources as possible is the key to test the local government.
Since the unsubsidized photovoltaic project policy support is the key, then the following analysis of the key factors of parity and the market badly needed policies.
The cost of land or installed space
Unlike other costs, costs such as land rise gradually with economic development.At present, due to the shortage of land indicators in the eastern region, only fishponds and general agricultural land can be used to carry out comprehensive development projects of agricultural photovoltaic such as fishing and light complementary and agricultural and light complementary. Both agriculture and photovoltaic can bear half of the land rent.In this case, half of the land rent price is usually 500-1000 yuan/year/mu.For large pacesetter bases, the source of land is coordinated by the government, including coal mining subsidence areas, fish ponds, etc., these lands are not free of charge. In particular, part of the third batch of pacesetter bases increased the land cost in the later stage, exceeding 1000 yuan/year/mu.
For investment enterprises, the greater pressure is the way to pay rent.Some require a lump-sum payment of five years, with the remainder a reasonable annual payment;In some areas, the one-time payment of 20 years of land rent is required, which has a great impact on the project cost.Take the 100MW photovoltaic project as an example, the complementary agricultural light covers an area of 6000 mu. If the one-time payment of 500 yuan/year/mu is 20 years, the government rent alone needs to pay 60 million yuan.For the photovoltaic project of 100MW, the price of EPC is between 4-4.2 blocks. In general, land rent has accounted for 8% of the total cost.
Land rent in the western region is cheaper than that in the eastern region, but it also has its own difficulties. Land taxes and levies and land expropriation, which are difficult to deal with, also bother most photovoltaic enterprises.In Inner Mongolia, for a 100mw ground photovoltaic power station to occupy farmland, it is generally necessary to pay a one-time land occupation tax of 40 million yuan and land use tax of 8 million yuan every year, with a cumulative tax of 200 million yuan over 20 years.
What makes development enterprise more distressed is, a lot of taxes and fees are "autumn hind calculates accounts", a lot of areas are in power station operation 3 years later begin to collect taxes and fees, investment has been locked up now, the cost that increases suddenly is bound to affect later period rate of return.If you had known at the outset that you would have to pay so much tax, you might not have invested in the project